Cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term used to describe a range of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels. This includes conditions such as coronary artery disease, heart attack, stroke, congestive heart failure, arrhythmias, and hypertension (high blood pressure). These diseases are often caused by a buildup of fatty deposits in the arteries (atherosclerosis), high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, poor diet, lack of exercise, and excessive alcohol use. Symptoms may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, or sudden numbness in limbs (especially in stroke). Early diagnosis, lifestyle changes, medication, and in some cases surgical procedures, can significantly reduce the risk and improve heart health. Preventive care is key in managing cardiovascular health.